Is Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii) safe for babies and kids?
Moderate risk for kidsInfants are more vulnerable to Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii) than children or adults due to immature hepatic/renal clearance, higher intake-to-body-weight ratio, rapid organ development, and increased gastrointestinal absorption.
What is sodium phosphate dibasic (e339ii)?
The IUPAC name is disodium;hydrogen phosphate;dihydrate.
Also known as: disodium;hydrogen phosphate;dihydrate, Sodium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, Disodium phosphate dihydrate, Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate.
- IUPAC name
- disodium;hydrogen phosphate;dihydrate
- CAS number
- 10028-24-7
- Molecular formula
- H5Na2O6P
- Molecular weight
- 177.99 g/mol
- SMILES
- O.O.OP(=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+]
- PubChem CID
- 6451167
Risk for babies
Moderate riskInfants are more vulnerable to Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii) than children or adults due to immature hepatic/renal clearance, higher intake-to-body-weight ratio, rapid organ development, and increased gastrointestinal absorption.
Neonates and infants up to 12 months have incomplete blood-brain barrier development, immature Phase I/II metabolic enzymes (particularly CYP3A4, UGT1A1), and higher gastrointestinal permeability. Equivalent doses produce higher internal concentrations and longer residence times.
Risk for pregnant and nursing people
Context-dependentPregnancy alters the metabolism and distribution of Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii), potentially increasing fetal exposure. The developing embryo/fetus is vulnerable during organogenesis (weeks 3-8) and neurological development. Placental transfer should be assumed.
No specific reproductive toxicity data identified, but pregnancy-specific safety data is limited for most chemicals. Precautionary minimization of exposure is recommended.
Regulatory consensus
1 regulatory bodyhas classified Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii).
| Agency | Year | Classification | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| IARC | 2019 | Not evaluated by IARC for carcinogenicity — Sodium phosphate dibasic (disodium hydrogen phosphate; Na2HPO4; CAS 10028-24-7 for the dihydrate; E339ii) is one of the orthophosphate salts in the E339 group (monosodium phosphate E339i, disodium phosphate E339ii, trisodium phosphate E339iii); all share the EFSA group ADI of 40 mg phosphorus/kg/day established for all phosphate food additives (E338–E452, EFSA 2019); FDA GRAS (21 CFR 182.6290); EU E339 (quantum satis for many applications, specific maximum levels in some categories); no IARC, EPA, or EFSA carcinogenicity classification; the safety concerns for sodium phosphate dibasic are the same as for the phosphate class generally — effects on calcium-phosphorus homeostasis in high-phosphate dietary patterns, and the higher bioavailability of inorganic additive phosphate (~70-100% absorption) vs organic natural food phosphate (~40-60%); in clinical/medical use, sodium phosphate salts (oral and rectal) are approved laxatives, but acute phosphate nephropathy and hyperphosphatemia with cardiac arrhythmia have been documented at high clinical doses — not applicable to food additive use levels |
Regulators apply different standards of evidence — animal-data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds — which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. The disagreement is the data.
Where kids encounter sodium phosphate dibasic (e339ii)
- Industrial Facilities — Manufacturing plants, Chemical storage areas, Waste treatment sites
- Occupational Environments — Factories, Warehouses, Transportation vehicles
Safer alternatives
Lower-risk approaches that achieve a similar outcome to Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii):
-
Safer process chemistry; Green chemistry alternatives; Exposure controls
Trade-offs: Requires R&D investment to redesign synthesis routes; may reduce yield or throughput initially; long-term benefits include reduced waste treatment costs, regulatory compliance, and worker safety; 12 Principles of Green Chemistry framework available.Relative cost: 1.2-2×
Frequently asked questions
Is sodium phosphate dibasic (e339ii) safe for kids?
Infants are more vulnerable to Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii) than children or adults due to immature hepatic/renal clearance, higher intake-to-body-weight ratio, rapid organ development, and increased gastrointestinal absorption.
What products contain sodium phosphate dibasic (e339ii)?
Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii) appears in: Manufacturing plants (Industrial facilities); Chemical storage areas (Industrial facilities); Factories (Occupational environments); Warehouses (Occupational environments).
What should I do if my child is exposed to sodium phosphate dibasic (e339ii)?
Minimize infant exposure through source control. For breastfeeding mothers: reduce maternal exposure. For formula-fed infants: use certified low-migration bottles and verified water sources. Consult pediatrician regarding any concerns.
See Sodium phosphate dibasic (E339ii) in the baby app
Look up products containing sodium phosphate dibasic (e339ii), compare to alternatives, and explore the full data record.
Open in baby View raw API dataSources (1)
- Sodium Phosphate Dibasic E339ii CAS 10028-24-7 Dihydrate Na2HPO4 MW 141.96; EFSA 2019 Group ADI 40 mg P/kg/day E338-E452 EFSA Journal 2019;17(3):5674; FDA GRAS 21 CFR 182.6290; Processed Cheese Emulsifying Salt Displace Calcium Casein Micelle Homogeneous Melt Slices Spreads; Leavening Alkali Baking Powder; Sequestrant Divalent Metal Chelation; Meat Water Holding Capacity; Inorganic Phosphate 70-100% Absorption vs Natural 40-60% Higher Bioavailability; Clinical Laxative Fleet Phospho-Soda 24-30g Acute Phosphate Nephropathy Hyperphosphatemia QT Prolongation FDA 2008 Safety Communication; WWTP Phosphate Removal Chemical Precipitation Alum Ferric EBPR; Eutrophication Nutrient Loading (2019) — regulatory
Reference data, not professional advice. Aggregates publicly available regulatory and scientific data; not a substitute for veterinary, medical, legal, or regulatory advice. Why we built ALETHEIA →