Baby Safety / Compounds / Bromoacetic acid (BAA)

Is Bromoacetic acid (BAA) safe for babies and kids?

Elevated risk for kids

Infants are more vulnerable to Bromoacetic acid (BAA) than children or adults due to immature hepatic/renal clearance, higher intake-to-body-weight ratio, rapid organ development, and increased gastrointestinal absorption.

What is bromoacetic acid (baa)?

The IUPAC name is 2-bromoacetic acid.

Also known as: 2-bromoacetic acid, BROMOACETIC ACID, Acetic acid, bromo-, Monobromoacetic acid.

IUPAC name
2-bromoacetic acid
CAS number
79-08-3
Molecular formula
C2H3BrO2
Molecular weight
138.95 g/mol
SMILES
C(C(=O)O)Br
PubChem CID
6227

Risk for babies

Elevated risk

Infants are more vulnerable to Bromoacetic acid (BAA) than children or adults due to immature hepatic/renal clearance, higher intake-to-body-weight ratio, rapid organ development, and increased gastrointestinal absorption.

Neonates and infants up to 12 months have incomplete blood-brain barrier development, immature Phase I/II metabolic enzymes (particularly CYP3A4, UGT1A1), and higher gastrointestinal permeability. Equivalent doses produce higher internal concentrations and longer residence times.

What to do: Minimize infant exposure through source control. For breastfeeding mothers: reduce maternal exposure. For formula-fed infants: use certified low-migration bottles and verified water sources. Consult pediatrician regarding any concerns.

Risk for pregnant and nursing people

Context-dependent

Pregnancy alters the metabolism and distribution of Bromoacetic acid (BAA), potentially increasing fetal exposure. The developing embryo/fetus is vulnerable during organogenesis (weeks 3-8) and neurological development. Placental transfer should be assumed.

No specific reproductive toxicity data identified, but pregnancy-specific safety data is limited for most chemicals. Precautionary minimization of exposure is recommended.

What to do: Minimize exposure during pregnancy and lactation. Consult healthcare provider regarding specific risks. Consider alternative products with lower hazard profiles.

Regulatory consensus

10 regulatory and scientific bodies have classified Bromoacetic acid (BAA). The classifications differ — that's the data.

AgencyYearClassificationNotes
EPA CTX / GenetoxGenotoxicity: positive (Ames: positive, 4 positive / 5 negative reports)
EPA CTX / GenetoxGenotoxicity: positive (Ames: positive, 4 positive / 5 negative reports)
EPA CTX / Skin-EyeSkin Irritation: Skin Corr. 1A (score: very high)
EPA CTX / Skin-EyeSkin Sensitization: Skin Sens. 1 (score: high)
EPA CTX / Skin-EyeEye Irritation: Category 1 (score: very high)
EPA CTX / Skin-EyeSkin Irritation: Category 1 (score: very high)
EPA CTX / Skin-EyeEye Irritation: Category 8.3A (Category 1) (score: very high)
EPA CTX / Skin-EyeSkin Irritation: Category 8.2B (Category 1B) (score: very high)
EPA CTX / Skin-Eyeeye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo: Severe Irritation (score: high)
EPA CTX / Skin-Eyeskin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA): High Frequency of Sensitization (score: high)

Regulators apply different standards of evidence — animal-data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds — which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. The disagreement is the data.

Where kids encounter bromoacetic acid (baa)

  • Industrial FacilitiesManufacturing plants, Chemical storage areas, Waste treatment sites
  • Occupational EnvironmentsFactories, Warehouses, Transportation vehicles

Safer alternatives

Lower-risk approaches that achieve a similar outcome to Bromoacetic acid (BAA):

  • Point-of-use filtration; Alternative disinfection (UV, ozone)
    Trade-offs: Powerful oxidant; effective for taste/odor and micropollutants; decomposes to oxygen (no residual); forms bromate in bromide-containing water; capital cost moderate; operational complexity higher than chlorination.
    Relative cost: 1.2-2×

Frequently asked questions

Is bromoacetic acid (baa) safe for kids?

Infants are more vulnerable to Bromoacetic acid (BAA) than children or adults due to immature hepatic/renal clearance, higher intake-to-body-weight ratio, rapid organ development, and increased gastrointestinal absorption.

What products contain bromoacetic acid (baa)?

Bromoacetic acid (BAA) appears in: Manufacturing plants (Industrial facilities); Chemical storage areas (Industrial facilities); Factories (Occupational environments); Warehouses (Occupational environments).

What should I do if my child is exposed to bromoacetic acid (baa)?

Minimize infant exposure through source control. For breastfeeding mothers: reduce maternal exposure. For formula-fed infants: use certified low-migration bottles and verified water sources. Consult pediatrician regarding any concerns.

Why do regulators disagree about bromoacetic acid (baa)?

Bromoacetic acid (BAA) has been classified by 10 agencies including EPA CTX / Genetox, EPA CTX / Genetox, EPA CTX / Skin-Eye, EPA CTX / Skin-Eye, EPA CTX / Skin-Eye, with differing conclusions. Regulators apply different standards of evidence (animal data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds), which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. See the regulatory consensus table on this page for the full picture.

See Bromoacetic acid (BAA) in the baby app

Look up products containing bromoacetic acid (baa), compare to alternatives, and explore the full data record.

Open in baby View raw API data

Sources (2)

  1. IARC Monographs Volume 84: Some Drinking-water Disinfectants and Contaminants, Including Arsenic — Dichloroacetic Acid Group 2A, Trichloroacetic Acid Group 3, MX Group 2B (2004) (2004) — regulatory
  2. US EPA: Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (40 CFR Parts 141 and 142) — TTHM MCL 80 μg/L, HAA5 MCL 60 μg/L, Locational Running Annual Average, BDCM Cancer Risk Assessment, Bladder Cancer Epidemiology (2006) (2006) — regulatory

Reference data, not professional advice. Aggregates publicly available regulatory and scientific data; not a substitute for veterinary, medical, legal, or regulatory advice. Why we built ALETHEIA →