Baby Safety / Compounds / Allyl isothiocyanate

Is Allyl isothiocyanate safe for babies and kids?

Very high risk for kids

Infants face elevated exposure to Allyl isothiocyanate through formula, baby food, and breast milk contamination. Immature hepatic metabolism and higher intake-to-body-weight ratio amplify dose.

What is allyl isothiocyanate?

The IUPAC name is 3-isothiocyanatoprop-1-ene.

Also known as: 3-isothiocyanatoprop-1-ene, AITC, Redskin, Allylsenfoel.

IUPAC name
3-isothiocyanatoprop-1-ene
CAS number
57-06-7
Molecular formula
C4H5NS
Molecular weight
99.16 g/mol
SMILES
C=CCN=C=S
PubChem CID
5971

Risk for babies

Very high risk

Infants face elevated exposure to Allyl isothiocyanate through formula, baby food, and breast milk contamination. Immature hepatic metabolism and higher intake-to-body-weight ratio amplify dose.

Neonates and infants up to 12 months have incomplete blood-brain barrier development, immature Phase I/II metabolic enzymes (particularly CYP3A4, UGT1A1), and higher gastrointestinal permeability. Equivalent doses produce higher internal concentrations and longer residence times.

What to do: Minimize infant exposure through source control. For breastfeeding mothers: reduce maternal exposure. For formula-fed infants: use certified low-migration bottles and verified water sources. Consult pediatrician regarding any concerns.

Risk for pregnant and nursing people

Context-dependent

Pregnancy alters metabolism and increases susceptibility to Allyl isothiocyanate. Dietary additives consumed during pregnancy cross the placenta; safety margins for adults may not protect the developing fetus.

No specific reproductive toxicity data identified, but pregnancy-specific safety data is limited for most chemicals. Precautionary minimization of exposure is recommended.

What to do: Minimize exposure during pregnancy and lactation. Consult healthcare provider regarding specific risks. Consider alternative products with lower hazard profiles.

Regulatory consensus

1 regulatory bodyhas classified Allyl isothiocyanate.

AgencyYearClassificationNotes
Regulatory Framework—Regulated under food safety frameworks (FDA GRAS, EU food additive regulations)

Regulators apply different standards of evidence — animal-data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds — which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. The disagreement is the data.

Where kids encounter allyl isothiocyanate

  • Food — mustard, horseradish, wasabi
  • Consumer Products — insect repellent (historical)
  • Fragrance — perfume, cologne, scented personal care products, household fragrance products, candles
    Identified in Fragrance Ingredient Safety Priority Research database (2,325 ingredients)

Safer alternatives

Lower-risk approaches that achieve a similar outcome to Allyl isothiocyanate:

  • Natural preservatives; Clean-label ingredients; Minimally processed food
    Trade-offs: Consumer label appeal ('clean label'); variable efficacy depending on food matrix and target pathogen; may alter flavor/color; regulatory status varies by jurisdiction; often more expensive per unit of preservation effect.
    Relative cost: 2-5× conventional

Frequently asked questions

Is allyl isothiocyanate safe for kids?

Infants face elevated exposure to Allyl isothiocyanate through formula, baby food, and breast milk contamination. Immature hepatic metabolism and higher intake-to-body-weight ratio amplify dose.

What products contain allyl isothiocyanate?

Allyl isothiocyanate appears in: mustard (Food); horseradish (Food); insect repellent (historical) (Consumer products); perfume (Fragrance); cologne (Fragrance).

What should I do if my child is exposed to allyl isothiocyanate?

Minimize infant exposure through source control. For breastfeeding mothers: reduce maternal exposure. For formula-fed infants: use certified low-migration bottles and verified water sources. Consult pediatrician regarding any concerns.

See Allyl isothiocyanate in the baby app

Look up products containing allyl isothiocyanate, compare to alternatives, and explore the full data record.

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Sources (1)
  1. PubChem Compound Database (2026) — database

Reference data, not professional advice. Aggregates publicly available regulatory and scientific data; not a substitute for veterinary, medical, legal, or regulatory advice. Why we built ALETHEIA →