Baby Safety / Compounds / 1-Nitropyrene

Is 1-Nitropyrene safe for babies and kids?

Context-dependent for kids

(Babies-specific data is limited; this page draws from human pregnant context.) Pregnancy alters the metabolism and distribution of 1-Nitropyrene, potentially increasing fetal exposure. The developing embryo/fetus is vulnerable during organogenesis (weeks 3-8) and neurological development. Placental transfer should be assumed.

What is 1-nitropyrene?

Also known as: 3-Nitropyrene, Pyrene, 1-nitro-, TD1665I8Q4, NSC-81340.

IUPAC name
1-nitropyrene
CAS number
5522-43-0
Molecular formula
C16H9NO2
Molecular weight
247.25 g/mol
SMILES
C1=CC2=C3C(=C1)C=CC4=C(C=CC(=C43)C=C2)[N+](=O)[O-]
PubChem CID
21694

Risk for babies

Context-dependent

Pregnancy alters the metabolism and distribution of 1-Nitropyrene, potentially increasing fetal exposure. The developing embryo/fetus is vulnerable during organogenesis (weeks 3-8) and neurological development. Placental transfer should be assumed.

No specific reproductive toxicity data identified, but pregnancy-specific safety data is limited for most chemicals. Precautionary minimization of exposure is recommended.

What to do: Minimize exposure during pregnancy and lactation. Consult healthcare provider regarding specific risks. Consider alternative products with lower hazard profiles.

Risk for pregnant and nursing people

Context-dependent

Pregnancy alters the metabolism and distribution of 1-Nitropyrene, potentially increasing fetal exposure. The developing embryo/fetus is vulnerable during organogenesis (weeks 3-8) and neurological development. Placental transfer should be assumed.

No specific reproductive toxicity data identified, but pregnancy-specific safety data is limited for most chemicals. Precautionary minimization of exposure is recommended.

What to do: Minimize exposure during pregnancy and lactation. Consult healthcare provider regarding specific risks. Consider alternative products with lower hazard profiles.

Regulatory consensus

7 regulatory and scientific bodies have classified 1-Nitropyrene. The classifications differ — that's the data.

AgencyYearClassificationNotes
IARC2014Group 2A
US EPA1988probable human carcinogen
EPA CTX / NTP RoCReasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen
EPA CTX / IARCGroup 2A - Probably carcinogenic to humans
EPA CTX / CalEPAKnown human carcinogen
EPA CTX / GenetoxGenotoxicity: positive (Ames: positive, 4 positive / 0 negative reports)
EPA CTX / GenetoxGenotoxicity: positive (Ames: positive, 4 positive / 0 negative reports)

Regulators apply different standards of evidence — animal-data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds — which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. The disagreement is the data.

Where kids encounter 1-nitropyrene

  • Industrial FacilitiesManufacturing plants, Chemical storage areas, Waste treatment sites
  • Occupational EnvironmentsFactories, Warehouses, Transportation vehicles

Safer alternatives

Lower-risk approaches that achieve a similar outcome to 1-Nitropyrene:

  • Exposure reduction (combustion byproduct)
    Trade-offs: Removes 95-99% of dissolved contaminants including metals, PFAS, nitrates; wastes 2-4 gallons per gallon produced (improving with newer systems); removes beneficial minerals; $0.05-0.25/gallon; requires pre-treatment for longevity.
    Relative cost: 1.2-2×

Frequently asked questions

What products contain 1-nitropyrene?

1-Nitropyrene appears in: Manufacturing plants (Industrial facilities); Chemical storage areas (Industrial facilities); Factories (Occupational environments); Warehouses (Occupational environments).

Why do regulators disagree about 1-nitropyrene?

1-Nitropyrene has been classified by 7 agencies including IARC, US EPA, EPA CTX / NTP RoC, EPA CTX / IARC, EPA CTX / CalEPA, with differing conclusions. Regulators apply different standards of evidence (animal data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds), which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. See the regulatory consensus table on this page for the full picture.

See 1-Nitropyrene in the baby app

Look up products containing 1-nitropyrene, compare to alternatives, and explore the full data record.

Open in baby View raw API data

Sources (2)

  1. IARC Monographs Volume 105: Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes — 1-Nitropyrene Group 2A; Diesel Exhaust Mutagenicity; Mammary and Colon Tumors in Rats; Nitroreduction Mechanism (2014) — iarc_monograph
  2. US EPA Diesel Exhaust and Nitro-PAH Assessment: 1-Nitropyrene as Diesel Exhaust Tracer; Direct Mutagenicity; N-hydroxy-1-aminopyrene DNA Adducts; Occupational Trucking and Mining Exposures (1988) — regulatory

Reference data, not professional advice. Aggregates publicly available regulatory and scientific data; not a substitute for veterinary, medical, legal, or regulatory advice. Why we built ALETHEIA →